2014 paper Q1 and 2

Section A (13 marks)

Answer either Question 1 or Question 2 from this section. 

1		A group of students carried out an investigation into the impact that tourism had on the environment at a tourist resort that was once a small fishing village.  Fig. 1 (Insert) is a map of the resort showing the three sites surveyed.
		(a)				Study Fig. 2 (Insert) which shows the results of the four environmental factors surveyed at the three sites.
						(i)	Which site has the most environmental damage? [1] Site 1
						(ii)	Which site is the quietest? [1] Site 3
						(iii)	To find the results of the survey, all four environmental factors in Fig. 2 were added together for each site.  This is shown as the total score. Complete the bar graph on Fig. 3 to show the results of the survey.  Site 1 has been drawn for you as an example.  Use the same pattern shown in the example.  [2]
					Fig. 3
					Site 1 = -5; Site 2 = -2; Site 3 = +4
		(b)			Does the information from Fig. 1, 2 and 3 support the hypothesis ‘Tourism has had a negative effect on the environment of the resort’?  Give reasons for your answer.  [3]
					Yes.  Tourism has had a negative effect on the environment. Or Yes, to a certain extent.  [compulsory] Site 1 and Site 2 all show negative scores of -5 and -2 respectively.  While Site 3 shows that the resort has a positive score of 4.  Site 1, being near the carpark to the hotel, is dirty and noisy and congested.  Site 2 is facing the beach is littered ad noisy. Site 1 and Site 2 are near to the main tourist belt where there are hotels and shops.  However, Site 3 is clean, quiet and has little traffic as it is mainly a residential area.  3 @ 1m
		(c)			Another group of students carried out a land use survey in the tourist resort, as shown on Fig. 1. Apart from a map, describe how else the land use data could be presented.  [2]
				Use a pie chart to show the percentage of different landuse. Colour or shade each segment different for easier comparison between the data. Each segment in the pie chart should have a label and percentage. Label the segments of the pie chart and include a legend. OR Draw a pie chart to indicate the landuse with legend … 2m 2 @ 1m
	(d)			You are interested in investigating the guiding question ‘Has the tourist resort had a positive impact on the economy of the village?’.  Explain how you would collect and present the necessary information.                                                                                       [4]
			Collect Use a bi-polar survey … interview every nth resident of the area. 2 aspects – positive and negative factors e.g. more jobs vs no jobs e.g. more income vs less income e.g. higher standard of living vs lower standard of living decide on the site/location where the residents can be interviewed before conducting the bipolar survey, decide on sampling method to use to select the residents for the survey Present Bi-polar graph Students can draw the bipolar graph 2m – collect information 2m – present information 4 @ 1m

2	Students carried out a weather survey in a local park for one week to see if there were any variations in the weather at five sites.  Fig. 4 (Insert) is a map of the park showing the location of the five sites surveyed.
	(a)	Study Fig. 5 which shows the results of the weather survey.  It shows the average daytime temperature and rainfall readings for the week at each of the five sites.
		site Temperatures °C Rainfall mm 1 [near lake] 12 10 2 [woodland] 11 6 3 [grass] 13 10 4 [buildings] 13 8 5 [concrete car park] 16 11 Average of all the sites for the week 13 [9] ……….
		Fig. 5
	(i)	Calculate the average rainfall for the five sites and complete Fig. 5.  [1] 9 mm [10 + 6 + 10 + 8 + 11] / 2
	(ii)	Draw a bar graph below to show the rainfall at each of the five sites.                              [3]
		1m – label x and y-axis Correct plotting of graphs – 2m; 1 – 2 error – deduct 1m; more than 2 errors – 0 mark
	(b)	Describe how the students would collect the data shown in Fig. 5.                              [3]
		[Students are to collect data for temperature and rainfall] Temperature – use a thermometer / maximum-minimum thermometer / weather tracker [compulsory] Rainfall – rain gauge [compulsory] Thermometer … read the base of the indices for maximum and minimum temperature Rain gauge … empty the rain water in the measuring cylinder and read the amount of rainfall in mm Record the information on a recording sheet. Instruments needed – 2m (max) Description of any one method of collection – 1m 3 @ m
	(c)	One student wanted to test the hypothesis that the temperature at site 5 would be very different from the other sites.  Using Fig. 4 and 5 explain the reason for the hypothesis and if the readings support it.                                                                                            [3]
		Possible hypothesis using Site 5 Places with concrete surfaces have higher temperatures than places with more non-concrete surfaces. [compulsory] Site 1 to Site 4, which are places with grasses, woodlands or under buildings, temperatures are lower than Site 5 which is at the concrete carpark. Site 1 to Site 4 average temperature is ……….. °C while Site 5 is higher at 16 °C 3 @ 1m
	(d)	If you were to explain the temperature and rainfall results found in the park, what other weather information could you collect?  Explain how this information would help you.  [3]
		Other weather information Relative humidity … higher the temperature, the higher the relative humidity Wind direction / wind speed … whether wind can help to lower the temperature Other possible answer: Check online weather station if the park temperature and rainfall is compatible.  3 @ 1m