Answers to Monsoon wind P62

Explain why Delhi receives very light rainfall in Fig. 4.                                                  [4] -        Delhi receives light rainfall due to northeast monsoon (October – February) -        an area of high pressure forms overs Indian sub-continent and Central Asia while an area of low pressure forms over Australia -        due to differences in pressure between the northern and southern hemispheres, air moves from Central Asia down towards Indian sub-continent -        resulting in drier and colder winds that bring with it light rainfall as they blow across cold land to Delhi With reference to Fig. 6, explain how Mangalore, India is affected by Southwest monsoon.                                                    [4]          ·        Max 3 marks awarded only if student never make reference to Mangalore, India. ·        Between June and September, when it is summer in the northern hemisphere.  Air over Central Asia heats up, expands and rises, forming a region of low pressure over the area.  ·        During the same period, the southern hemisphere is experiencing winter.  The low temperature causes the air to be cold and dense, exerting a greater force on the earth’s surface.  This results in an area of high pressure over Australia. ·        Due to the difference in pressure between Central Asia and Australia, air from Australia moves to the Indian sub-continent and Central Asia as the southeast monsoon winds.  As the winds cross the Equator, the Coriolis effect deflects the winds to the right.  ·        These winds become the southwest monsoon winds and warm up as they head for Central Asia.  The warm air picks up moisture as it travels over the Indian Ocean and brings heavy rain to the Mangalore, India.

1st Feb Monsoon Wind

Objective
1) What is monsoon wind?
2) Explain the formation of 4 types of monsoon wind
 - NE, NW, SE, SW

Resource pack
- P34 : Summary page
Coriolis effect: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mcPs_OdQOYU

Homework
- P62 Fig. 6
- P62 Anglican High : NE
- P62/63 Zhenghua: SW

Monsoon Wind summary

Month	Oct to February	June to Sept
Direction of wind	Northeast monsoon : from Asia to Australia (From NE to NW) -        India (Winter, high pressure)	Southeast monsoon : from Australia to Asia (From SE to SW) -        India (Summer, low pressure)
Before equator	Northeast monsoon : from Asia to Australia (From NE to NW) -        India (Winter, high pressure)	Southeast monsoon : from Australia to Asia (From SE to SW) -        India (Summer, low pressure)
After equator (CORIOLIS EFFECT)	Northwest monsoon -        Australia (Summer, low pressure)	Southwest monsoon Australia (Winter, high pressure) -
Impact	Light rain on India Heavy rain on Singapore Heavy rain on Australia	Heavy rain on India Light rain on Australia Light rain on Singapore (Absorb by Indonesia)

     

27 Jan Page 49 Answers (Wind GI)

(a)	Using information from Figs. 3 and 4, explain whether the hypotheses are supported and how the experiment could be improved.                                                                           [5]
	·        Hypothesis is supported as wind is mostly southwest. · The second hypothesis is not supported, as the presence of wind does not always lead to a decrease in temperature.  (Max2@1 mark) ·        Data could be collected over longer hours to provide more data points. ·        Data could be collected at more sites to provide data points. ·        Data could be collected over the entire June to provide allow data averaging. ·        Reading of temperature could be done by one student to prevent parallax errors.                                                                                                  Max3@1 mark
(b)	Construct a wind rose that shows the wind direction from 0900 to 1400 at the basketball court.                    [2]
(c)	Name the instrument that the students could have used to identify wind direction and describe how to use the instrument.    [3]
	·        Wind vane ·        Place the wind vane in an area or manner such that the wind vane is not obstructed. ·        Record the direction of the wind as where the wind vane points to.

Corrections to HW P60 - Relief and convectional rain

4		With the aid of a well-labelled diagram, account for the formation of relief rain.                             [5]
		As the wind blows across the sea, it picks up moisture. When the moist air encounters the highland, it is forced to rise. As the air rises, temperature decreases and relative humidity increases. At dew point temperature, the air is saturated and condensation occurs  where water vapour condense to water droplets to form clouds. When the water droplets are too heavy to be suspended,  they fall as relief rain on the windward side of the highland. As wind continues to blow the clouds towards the leeward side of the mountain There is lesser water vapour and no more precipitation, leaving it dry  (a)(ii) Name an instrument used to obtain the readings for rainfall and explain    where the instrument should be placed in order to get accurate                                                              measurements of the daily rainfall.               [3]                                                                                                                                                                                                       Instrument = rain gauge (ignore spelling error of ‘guage’) Open grassy area / open field to reduce evaporation  as it is  cooler in the ground than on a concrete surface. And to prevent water on concrete surface to splash into the raingauge Away from buildings and trees to prevent raindrops from buildings                                              and trees from dripping into the rain gauge or fallen leaves and  twigs from choking the funnel

22 Jan Land and Sea Breeze

Activity

• Identify the name of the instrument assigned to you
• What is the purpose of the instrument?

Objective 

• Wind definition : Moving air (from high pressure to low pressure) P22, Slide 24
• Explain how coastal temperatures are affected by land and sea breezes P23 Slide 25 - 29
• GI Instrument - Barometer (Air pressure Slide 58), Anemometer (Wind speed), Wind vane (direction), Wind Rose (frequency) Slide 57

Homework

• P59 - Q2 Temasek Sec
• P61 - Q7 : Draw diagram of land breeze

Answers to class test 1

Class test 1 results

- 6 failed, 18 passed

- Highest marks : Nat 7.5/8

		Using Fig. 1, explain the formation of relief rain.                                                    [4] The sun heats up water from the ocean Wind from the sea blows inland, and when wind comes in contact with mountain range, they are forced to rise.
		As the air rises up the highlands, it cools. Condensation takes place and relief rain                     falls on the windward side. By the time air moves over the highland, it has almost lost its moisture.                                           The leeward side has little or no rain.  2. One mark for  - Earth heated by sun - Air expand and rise - Cumulonimbus clouds - Fall as precipitation

18 Jan Clouds and Rainfall

Revision
- RH: GI lecture ppt Slide 60 (Reading the table)

Materials 

• Weather and Climate Ppt Slides 18 - 22 
• Lecture notes: Resource pack page 21 & 22

Video

Clouds: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wiFyg0i9K3M

Objective

1. Explain with a diagram formation of convectional and relief rain
• Hw page 60 Q4 - Account for formation of relief rain
2. Label the parts of a rain gauge (W&C Ppt slide 61)
3. Explain where the rain gauge should be placed 
• Hw page 60 Qaii

• Class test